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Phylum brachiopoda - Brachiopod belongs to phylum Brachiopoda. It has a shell with unequal two valve

The arthropoda characteristics are mentioned below: The body is

Phylum Brachiopoda (Lamp Shells), Phylum Porifera (Sponges), Phylum Bryozoa ("Moss animals"), Phylum Rotifera (Rotifers) Phytoplankton: Microscopic plants that live in water: Protozoans: Single-celled eukaryotic organisms: Reptilia & amphibia: Not big groups in numbers, but charismatic groups of vertebrates, Phylum Chordata:... Brachiopoda, phylum of bivalved marine invertebrates, sometimes called lamp shells. Brachiopods attach to the seabed by a stalk and feed on particles caught ...Studying brachiopod ontogeny and development, population genetics, ecology, physiology, and biogeography, as well as molecular systematics and …Dataset GBIF Backbone Taxonomy Rank FAMILY Published inPhylum Brachiopoda Snapshot Living species: ~350 Extinct species: ~12,000 Ecology: marine (ocean) filter feeders Key features of group: two unequal shell halves (valves), lophophore feeding organ Fossil Record: Cambrian-Recent OverviewBrachiopods Resources Brachiopods, or lampshells, are a phylum of small marine animals with a two-valved shell that, at first glance, resemble bivalved mollusks such as clams. The resemblance, however, is quite superficial. The Source for information on Brachiopods: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science dictionary.Brachiopoda. Brachiopoda brākēŏp´ədə [ key], phylum of shelled sessile or sedentary marine animals, commonly known as lamp shells, and characterized by a peculiar feeding organ, the lophophore. The shell consists of two parts, called valves, that completely enclose the body; the external appearance of the animal is much like that of a ...Phylum Brachiopoda (lamp shells) Calcareous, bivalved shell with mantle; lophophore; open circulatory system; metanephridia; marine; filter feeders; Cambrian to recent; 340 species. ... Phylum Hemichordata Wormlike or colonoid; tripartite coelom; construct mucus-lined U-shaped burrows or proteinaceous tubes; open circulatory system; dorsal and …Brachiopoda - This phylum includes lamp shells. Bryozoa - Bryozoans are invertebrates that are also known as moss animals. They are colonial organisms that primarily live in colonies of individuals, and may encrust seagrasses, mangrove roots, shells, pilings, docks, and other underwater structures.Phylum Bryozoa. Bryozoa are a group of aquatic (marine and freshwater) invertebrates that are colonial, meaning many individuals live together. These colonies can be in a variety of shapes that include massive (solid), foliaceous (sheet-like), dendroid (branching), or fenestrate (windowed-shape) ().Bryozoa are first recorded in the Early Ordovician (~485 million years ago) and are still alive ...Brachiopods , phylum Brachiopoda, are a phylum of trochozoan animals that have hard "valves" on the upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs. Brachiopod valves are hinged at the rear end, while the front can be opened for feeding or closed for protection. Two major categories are traditionally recognized, articulate and inarticulate brachiopods. The ... New records of Recent Brachiopoda from the Red Sea with a description of a new species. Zootaxa 3746 (1): 161-174. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.1.7 Reference page . Schemm-Gregory, M. & Henriques, M.H. 2013. Catalogue of the Krantz Brachiopod Collection at the Science Museum of the University of Coimbra (Portugal). Zootaxa 3677 (1): 1-173.264 PHYLUM BRACHIOPODA Gilledia sp. Waterhouse, 2002 Gr, Gk Gen. nov. et n. sp. JBW & HJC Cs Pseudodielasminidae Gilledia inversa (de Koninck, 1877) Gr Labaiidae Marinurnula ovata Waterhouse, 2001 Ck Gilledia pelicanensis Campbell, 1965 Gc Labaia? sp. Waterhouse 1982 Lh Marinurnula mantuanensis Campbell, 1965 Ck, Cw Gilledia ulladullaensis ...9. The brachiopods, phoronids and bryozoans were grouped under Tentaculata by Hatschek (1888) and under Lophophorata by Schneider (1902). 10. Because of the controversies regarding the systematic position, the brachiopods have been given the status of a sepa­rate phylum called Brachiopoda. Characteristic Features of Brachiopods: 1.Brakiopoda, filum Brachiopoda, adalah hewan laut yang memiliki "katup" keras (cangkang) pada permukaan atas dan bawah, tidak seperti pengaturan kiri dan kanan di moluska bivalvia.Katup brakiopoda berengsel di bagian belakang, sedangkan bagian depan dapat dibuka untuk makan atau tertutup untuk perlindungan. Dua kelompok utama diakui, artikulata dan inartikulata.KINGDOM ANAMALIA, PHYLUM PORIFERA: 43 sponge Wewokella y Pennsylvanian Mineral Wells, Tx permineralized with calcite 43 48 sponge Maeandrostia Pennsylvanian Lake Bridgeport, Tx permineralized with calcite 48 49 sponge Girtyocoelia Pennsylvanian ... KINGDOM ANAMALIA, PHYLUM Brachiopoda 12 brachiopod y Gunsight Limestone …BRACHIOPODS • Phylum: Brachiopoda • Classes: Articulata • Inarticulata • Orders: 7 Articulate • 4 Inarticulate. MORPHOLOGY: • Copy diagram on page 125 a) and b) Black to show a typical articulate brachiopod. • They have 2 VALVES (shells) that totally enclose the soft parts. • The average size is 20 - 70 mm but can range up to 370 mm.1. Introduction. Members of the phylum Brachiopoda, commonly called 'lamp shells', are bivalved lophophorate invertebrates, recognized by a distinctive combination of mineralized and nonmineralized morphological features of their shell (Carlson, 2016).Brachiopods are probably unique among metazoans by having an excellent continuous fossil record dating back from the earliest Cambrian Period.Brachiopoda tinggal di daerah air dingin dan cahaya rendah. Di antara brachiopoda hanya Lingulid (Lingula sp.) telah dipancing secara komersial, pada skala yang sangat kecil. Selain klasifikasi tradisional brachiopoda ke artikulata dan inartikulata, sebuah klasifikasi yang dirancang pada 1990-an berdasarkan bahan dasar cangkang, menyatukan ...lingulid, any member of a group of brachiopods, or lamp shells, that includes very ancient extinct forms as well as surviving representatives.First known from Cambrian rocks (about 542 million to 488 million years old), they probably originated during Precambrian time.The lingulids are small, inarticulate brachiopods; their shells are unhinged and consist of chitinous (fingernail-like) material.Inarticulata (Nonarticulate lampshells)Phylum Brachiopoda. Class Inarticulata. Number of families 3. Thumbnail description Exclusively marine group of lophophorate animals that are suspension feeders attached at the base to the ocean bottom; they are called "inarticulated" because their shells lack articulationPRACTICAL 1 university of melbourne student no earth sciences understanding planet earth laboratory manual subject coordinator: dr tosolini httpPhylum Brachiopoda Duméril 1806 Order Rhynchonellida Kuhn 1949 Superfamily Camarotoechioidea Schuchert 1929 Family Leiorhynchidae Stainbrook 1945 Subfamily Alairhynchinae nom. nov. (≡ Gigantorhynchinae Savage 1996: 254) Genus Alairhynchus nom. nov. (≡ Gigantorhynchus Sapelnikov & Malygina, 1977 non Hamann 1892) Type …PRACTICAL 1 university of melbourne student no earth sciences understanding planet earth laboratory manual subject coordinator: dr tosolini httpDataset GBIF Backbone Taxonomy Rank SPECIES ... Rhynchonellata. Rhynchonelliformea is a major subphylum and clade of brachiopods. It is roughly equivalent to the former class Articulata, which was used previously in brachiopod taxonomy up until the 1990s. These so-called articulated brachiopods have many anatomical differences relative to "inarticulate" brachiopods of the subphyla ... Despite many major advances in recent years, three key challenges remain in bringing clarity to the early history of the phylum: (1) identifying the origin, morphology and life modes of the first brachiopods; (2) understanding the relationships of the major groups to each other and higher sister taxa; and (3) unravelling the roles of the Cambria...Earth Sciences questions and answers. D Question 3 1.5 pts For Fauna 3, what type of fossils are represented by 3b and 3d? O Trilobite (class Trilobita) Snail (class Gastropoda) O Brachiopod (phylum Brachiopoda) o Cephalopod (class Cephalopoda) Coral (phylum Cnidaria) D Question 4 1.5 pts What is the age of Fauna 3? Neogene O Jurassic O Permian ...Phylum Brachiopoda (Brachiopods). Major Attributes: Exclusively found in marine environments. Body composed of two calcareous shells arranged dorsoventrally ...phylum Brachiopoda class Rhynchonellata order Orthida family Schizophoriidae genus Schizophoria species ...which accounts for many of the difficulties attending attempts to reclassify the phylum. As has been well documented by Muir-Wood (1955), the brachiopods known ...Look for general similarities (you won't find the exact same species) Echinodermata (Blastoidea. Crinoidea, Echinoidea) Hemichordata (Graptolites) Arthropoda (Trilobita. Polymerida) Brachiopoda (Spiriferida. Terebratulida. Strophomenada) Mollusca (Bivalvia) Bryozoa Sample 1: Metazoa Phylum: In which geologic period did this phylum first appear ...Criteria Explanation; Marine habitats: All saltwater habitats, benthic and pelagic (e.g. Atlantic, North Sea, Barents Sea) Estuaries and brackish areasPhylum Arthropoda. Arthropods are animals with a segmented body, external skeleton, and jointed appendages. The Arthropoda includes insects and crustaceans. Only two groups of arthropods are common as fossils in the Cretaceous of the C&D Canal area, and both are types of crustaceans: the Malacostraca (crabs, lobsters, and shrimp) and the ...Brachiopod. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Brachiopoda Cuvier 1805. Class: Strophomenata Williams et al 1996. Order: Productida Sarycheva and Sokolskaya 1959264 PHYLUM BRACHIOPODA Gilledia sp. Waterhouse, 2002 Gr, Gk Gen. nov. et n. sp. JBW & HJC Cs Pseudodielasminidae Gilledia inversa (de Koninck, 1877) Gr Labaiidae Marinurnula ovata Waterhouse, 2001 Ck Gilledia pelicanensis Campbell, 1965 Gc Labaia? sp. Waterhouse 1982 Lh Marinurnula mantuanensis Campbell, 1965 Ck, Cw Gilledia ulladullaensis ...Animal Phyla/Brachiopoda. Brachiopod Isocrania costata. Brachiopoda Name Meaning: Arm foot English Common Name: Lamp shells, brachiopods Major distinguishing characteristics: Lophophore and pedicle Approximate number of species described: between 300 and 500 extant.Brachiopods ( / ˈbrækioʊˌpɒd / ), phylum Brachiopoda, are a phylum of trochozoan animals that have hard "valves" (shells) on the upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs. Brachiopod valves are hinged at the rear end, while the front can be opened for feeding or closed for protection.Question: stion Not complete Points out of 1.00 The shelled organisms shown below belong to the phylum Brachiopoda. All brachiopods contain 2 shells and were fiter feeding animals that were abundant on ancient Paleozoic oceanic seafloors. In addition, brachipods use a unique feathery structure for their filter feeding called a lophophore.Phylum Arthropoda (Spiders, Insects, Crabs, Crayfish etc.) Birds: Not a big group in numbers, but one of the charismatic groups of vertebrates, Phylum Chordata: ... Phylum Brachiopoda (Lamp Shells), Phylum Porifera (Sponges), Phylum Bryozoa ("Moss animals"), Phylum Rotifera (Rotifers) Phytoplankton:Apr 1, 2021 - Cambrian Explosion Month #31: Phylum BrachiopodaWhile modern brachiopods superficially resemble clams, they're not actually very closely ...Verhoeff, T. (2023). World Brachiopoda Database. Liothyrella neozelanica Thomson, 1918. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www ...Brachiopoda is a relict phylum of marine benthic animals that have not been adequately studied with modern microscopy methods. Microscopic study may provide useful information on the evolution of the brachiopod body plan and brachiopod phylogeny. Understanding the organisation of the coelomic system is important because of its role in body form ...Animals: Phylum Ectoprocta; Ziser Lecture Notes, 2015.3 21 The Lophophorate Phyla Ectoprocta Brachiopoda Phoronida three phyla share several distinctive characteristics: 1. all possess a horseshoe-shaped or circular set of hollow ciliated tentacles for filter feeding à = lophophore 2. a "U-shaped" digestive system in which theTaxon Framework notes: iNaturalist is using the World Registry of Marine Species (WoRMs) for coarse level Animal taxonomy. There are several deviations to account for issues with WoRMs, generally gaps for mainly terrestrial groups such as Insects.Phylum: Brachiopoda Class Articulata These fossils are all Pennsylvanian or PermianSince the sister relations of Brachiopoda and Phoronida have previously obtained strong support (15, 16, 33, 71), we decided to use only the genome-derived proteomes and selected two species of brachiopods (Lingula anatina and L. unguis), as well as the phoronid (Phoronis australis), to represent nonbryozoan lophophorates. For all the remaining ...Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Members of Phylum Rotifera are single-celled organisms., Which of the below is a subgroup of the clade Bilateria? More than one answer is possible., Members of Phylum Brachiopoda are often confused for which group from Phylum Mollusca? and more.Download scientific diagram | Phylogeny of the phylum Brachiopoda (modified after Clarkson 1998; Selden 2007; Harper et al. 2010). Orders represented by the Delgado, Krantz, and Saemann Devonian ...The phylum Brachiopoda is divided into two classes based on the structure that connects the two different valves of the animal. These classes are the A) Tentaculata and the Nuda. B) Bivalvia and the Polyvalvia. C) Articulata and the Inarticulata. D) Erranteria and the Sedenteria.Introduction. Brachiopods are sessile benthic marine animals that have a bivalve shell. This phylum appeared in the early Cambrian and was dominant in many past marine communities 1, 2.Brachiopod species were very abundant in the past, but there are only about 400 species in recent fauna 3.In bilaterian phylogeny, brachiopods together with phoronids and bryozoans are grouped into the ...Original description. (of Terebratula transversa Sowerby, 1846) Sowerby, G. B. (1846). Descriptions of thirteen new species of brachiopods. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 14: 91-97. [details] Descriptive notes. Stratigraphy Terebratalia transversa is a living species, but fossil material attributable to this species also dates ...Phylum: Brachiopoda: Class: ... with both groups originating independently from non-laminar brachiopods. Subgroups. Orthotetida is divided into two suborders: the Triplesiidina and Orthotetidina. The Triplesiidina are probably derived from older brachiopods in the order Billingsellida, while the Orthotetidina are most likely descendants of early …Phylum Brachiopoda Duméril 1806 Order Rhynchonellida Kuhn 1949 Superfamily Camarotoechioidea Schuchert 1929 Family Leiorhynchidae Stainbrook 1945 Subfamily Alairhynchinae nom. nov. (≡ Gigantorhynchinae Savage 1996: 254) Genus Alairhynchus nom. nov. (≡ Gigantorhynchus Sapelnikov & Malygina, 1977 non Hamann 1892) Type …Very good. London, The British Museum (Natural History), 1955. 8vo. 124 pp., 12 text figures. Original printed cloth with gilt title on the spine. In printed dustjacket. = The "basic" study of this group, with fine illustrations, also from early works dealing with brachiopods. A fine clean copy of the original, not the later reprint.Phylum: Brachiopoda: Subphylum: Linguliformea: Class: Lingulata: Orders Lingulida Waagen, 1885 †Acrotretida Kuhn, 1949 †Siphonotretida Kuhn, 1949; Lingulata is a class of brachiopods, among the oldest of all brachiopods having existed since the Cambrian period (). They are also among the most morphologically conservative of the brachiopods ...Alternatively, suchpreferred orientation could be only due to an intrinsic limitation of thebio-mineralization process.In the current work we analyze the preferredorientations of the calcitic structures of three different species, belongingto two classes (avian and gastropoda-limpets) and one phylum (brachiopoda).Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Phylum Ctenophora, Phylum Annelida, Phylum Echinodermata and more. Try Magic Notes and save time. Try it free. Try Magic Notes and save time Crush your ... Phylum Brachiopoda. lampshells and tube worms. Phylum Nematoda. roundworms. Phylum Mollusca. clams, snails, squid. …The Devonian brachiopod Tylothyris from the Milwaukee Formation, Milwaukee County, Wisconsin. The origin of the brachiopods is uncertain; they either arose from reduction of …Phylum Brachiopoda (Cambrian to Recent) Brachiopoda is a phylum of marine animals whose soft bodies are enclosed by a shell consisting of two halves (valves). In this way they resemble clams, but their soft-part anatomy differs considerably from that of clams. Furthermore, the nature of the valves is quite differentPHYLUM BRACHIOPODA. 5.1. Dasar Teori. Berasal dari bahasa latin : Bracchium : lengan (arm) Poda : kaki (foot) Artinya hewan ini merupakan suatu kesatuan tubuh yang difungsikan sebagai kaki & lengan. Phylum ini merupakan salah satu phylum kecil dari benthic invertebrates. Hingga saat ini terdapat sekitar 300 spesies dari phylum ini yang mampu ...Phylum Brachiopoda . Subphylum Lingulifomea - Class Lingulata Order Lingulida. Discina sp. Discina sp. Lamarck, 1819 - Description from Holmer and Popov, 2000 Description: Shell is irregularly subcircular and biconvex to convexoconcave. The ventral valve is cemented to substrate and the pedicle opening may be sealed in adults.Brachiopod. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Brachiopoda Cuvier 1805 Class: Strophomenata Williams et al 1996 Order: Productida Sarycheva and Sokolskaya 1959 Family: Productidae Gray 1840 Genus: Productus Species: Productus moorefieldanus var. pusillus Big Snowy Group Heath FormationBranchiopoda is a diverse group of primitive, aquatic, primarily freshwater crustaceans, mostly resembling shrimp.This taxon is generally placed as a class of the arthropod subphylum (or superclass) Crustacea, but some taxonomic schemes recognize it as an order, with Crustacea listed as a class.Branchiopods should not be confused with the almost identically spelled brachiopods (without the n ...Criteria Explanation; Marine habitats: All saltwater habitats, benthic and pelagic (e.g. Atlantic, North Sea, Barents Sea) Estuaries and brackish areasBrachiopods, or lampshells, are a phylum of small marine animals with a two-valved shell that, at first glance, resemble bivalved mollusks such as clams. The resemblance, however, is quite superficial. The orientation of the shells of brachiopods is very different from that of bivalved mollusks, and brachiopods have two additional structures ...Phylum Brachiopoda . Subphylum Lingulifomea - Class Lingulata Order Lingulida. Discina sp. Discina sp. Lamarck, 1819 - Description from Holmer and Popov, 2000 Description: Shell is irregularly subcircular and biconvex to convexoconcave. The ventral valve is cemented to substrate and the pedicle opening may be sealed in adults.Oct 14, 2020 · Brachiopods are a phylum of shelled, marine, invertebrate animals that came into existence during the earliest part of the Paleozoic Era about 520 million years ago and have persisted to present day. Their heyday, with more than 30,000 species, was during the Paleozoic Era that ended 250 million years ago, when a mass extinction wiped out most ... A Devonian spiriferid brachiopod from Ohio which served as a host substrate for a colony of hederellids. Spiriferida is an order of extinct articulate brachiopod fossils which are known for their long hinge-line, which is often the widest part of the shell. In some genera (e.g. Mucrospirifer) it is greatly elongated, giving them a wing-like ...The name of the phylum is derived from the Latin word annellus, which means a small ring. Approximately 16,500 species have been described. The phylum includes earthworms, polychaete worms, and leeches. Like mollusks, annelids exhibit protostomic development. Annelids are bilaterally symmetrical and have a worm-like appearance.Phylum: Brachiopoda [Taxonomy; edit] Subphylum: Linguliformea [Taxonomy; edit] Class: ... Part H, Brachiopoda. Linguliformea, Craniiformea, and Rhynchonelliformea. Geological Society of America, . This page was last edited on 13 May 2021, at 05:59 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons ...The arthropoda characteristics are mentioned below: The body is triploblastic, segmented, and bilaterally symmetrical. They exhibit organ system level of organization. The body is divided into head, thorax, and abdomen. Their body has jointed appendages which help in locomotion. The coelomic cavity is filled with blood.Craniata is a class of brachiopods originating in the Cambrian period and still extant today. [1] It is the only class within the subphylum Craniiformea, one of three major subphyla of brachiopods alongside linguliforms and rhynchonelliforms. Craniata is divided into three orders: the extinct Craniopsida and Trimerellida, and the living ...Verhoeff, T. (2023). World Brachiopoda Database. Liothyrella neozelanica Thomson, 1918. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www ...2013. 2. 4. ... Lamp shells (phylum Brachiopoda) are solitary, clam-like animals with a two-part shell (i.e. two valves). However, unlike a clam which has a ...The species of the brachiopod Gigantoproductus are giants within the Palaeozoic sedentary benthos. This presents a dilemma as living brachiopods have low-energy lifestyles. Although brachiopod metabolic rates were probably higher during the Palaeozoic than today, the massive size reached by species of Gigantoproductus is nevertheless unusual. By examining the diet of Gigantoproductus species ...Jadi, Phylum Brachiopoda adalah hewan yang merupakan suatu kesatuan tubuh yang difungsikan sebagai kaki dan lengan. Brachiopoda adalah bivalvia yang berevolusi pada zaman awal periode Cambrian yang masih hidup hingga sekarang. Mereka seringkali disebut dengan “lampu cangkang” yang merupakan komponen penting organisme benthos pada zaman ...Fossilworks hosts query, analysis, and download functions used to access large paleontological data sets. It presents taxonomic, distributional, and ecological data about the entire fossil record.Brakiopoda, filum Brachiopoda, adalah hewan laut yang memiliki "katup" keras (cangkang) pada permukaan atas dan bawah, tidak seperti pengaturan kiri dan kanan di moluska bivalvia.Katup brakiopoda berengsel di bagian belakang, sedangkan bagian depan dapat dibuka untuk makan atau tertutup untuk perlindungan. Dua kelompok utama diakui, artikulata dan inartikulata.lamp shells, also called brachiopod, any member of the phylum Brachiopoda, a group of bottom-dwelling marine invertebrates. They are covered by two valves, or shells; one valve covers the dorsal, or top, side; the other covers the ventral, or bottom, side.Phylum Bryozoa. Phylum Phoronida. Phylum Brachiopoda. 3 phyla that had an apparent synapomorphy (a trait that is shared by two or more taxa) : the lophophore ...Mantle. Layer beneath the shell that secretes and maintain the shell (Phylum Brachiopoda) Pedicle. arises from the dorsal surface of animal and is a muscular anchor ( Phylum Brachiopoda) Hemerythrin. In Brochiopodic blood. Class Polychaeta (many hairs) Synapomorphies- Presence of parapodia and many seta Characterized by complete gut, well ...... Brachiopoda, phylum of bivalved marine invertebrates, sometimes called lamp shells. Brachiopods attach to the seabed by a stalk and feed on particles caught ...Download Citation | On Jan 1, 2002, J. Timothy and others published Phylum Brachiopoda | F, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Some fossils are easily identified to different levels of cla, Blank 3: Ectoprocta. Select all the phyla that belong to Clade Brachiozoa. Nemertea. Brachiopoda. Phoronida, phylum of marine invertebrate animals, having a dorsal and ventral shell. Brachiopoda (Q, Phylum Arthropoda quiz for 10th grade students. Find other quizzes for Biology and mo, Brachiopods synonyms, Brachiopods pronunciation, Brachiopods translation, English dictionary definition of Brachiopods., 1. (phylum Brachiopoda) A class of brachiopods, existing from the Lower Cambrian to the present day, in which the shell , Phylum Brachiopoda. -valves on brachiopods are unequal (the pl, Brachiopods are a phylum of small marine shellfish, sometime, Brachiopoda (lampshells) Phylum of c.260 species of small, bottom-d, Brachiopoda: the "lamp shells," which are , Phylum Mollusca. What class moves using jet propulsion in whic, Scallop ( / ˈskɒləp, ˈskæləp /) [a] is a common name that enco, Oct 14, 2020 · Brachiopods are a phylum of shelled, , Phylum Brachiopoda Kingdon Animalia. From the first dawn of life, all , Phylum Brachiopoda · Características generales · Ev, Brachiopoda (Phylum) Rhynchonelliformea (Subphylum) Rhyn, The recently reinterpreted stem-group brachiopod Yug.