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Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) black pod rot, caused by oomycetes Chromista Phytophthora megakarya is the major constraint to cocoa production in Cameroon, causing substantial yield losses (up to 100%). As mean to alter the yield shortage, priority is given to chemical fungicides, though Arbuscular Mycorrhizals Fungi (AMF) have been pointed out to offer a friendly alternative. Moreover, exudation ...General information about Phytophthora megakarya (PHYTMG) on EPPO Q-Bank DatabasePhytophthora megakarya—one of the cocoa black pod disease species, is invasive and probably responsible for the greatest cocoa crop loss in Africa; Phytophthora multivora—discovered in analysis of isolates with P. cinnamomi dieback infections of tuart forests of Southwest Australia, which were previously diagnosed as P. citricola.Christian Nembot, Patrice Takam Soh, Gerben Martijn Hoopen, Yves Dumont, Modeling the temporal evolution of cocoa black pod rot disease caused by Phytophthora megakarya, Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences, 10.1002/mma.5206, 41, 18, (8816-8843), (2018).those of unknown sources constituted 19.0%. Phytophthora megakarya was frequently isolated from all the three sources of canker infections, indicating P. megakarya readily causes stem canker on cocoa. megakarya, P. capsici, and P. citrophthora [8,9]. Several studies have related genetic information with the phenotypic characteristics of diseases caused ...Phytophthora megakarya and Phytophthora palmivora cause black pod rot of cacao. P. megakarya occurs in Africa while P. palmivora is distributed world-wide. P. palmivora has a higher temperature maximum (34 °C) than P. megakarya (30 °C). Factors contributing to temperature maxima in Phytophthora species have notPremise of the study: Phytophthora megakarya is the agent of black pod disease of cacao and is the main pathogen of this crop in Africa. Population genetic studies are required to investigate how ...Phytophthora megakarya was first reported in 1985, even though there isevidence that the fungus might have existed earlier. Until then. only Phytophlhora palmivora which'Seven Phytophthora species have been reported causing black pod disease on cacao, so far, with Phytophthora megakarya, Phytophthora palmivora, Phytophthora capsici, and Phytophthora citrophthora being considered the most important species (Ali et al., 2016; Marelli et al., 2019).Black pod rot, caused by Phytophthora megakarya, is the main cause of cocoa harvest losses in Cameroon. Field experiments were carried out over two successive years in two smallholders’ plots of cocoa trees, in order to assess the impact of diseased pod removal (phytosanitary pod removal) on disease progress, total production and final …hybrid cocoa genotypes with Phytophthora megakarya. The results of heterosis and heterobeltiosis The results of heterosis and heterobeltiosis exhibited hybrid vigor of 86.66 and 85%, respectively.Theobroma cacao seedling growth and tolerance to Phytophthora megakarya (causal agent of black pod disease) by heat-treated oyster shell powder nursery soil amendmen, Am. J. Plant.Phytophthora megakarya isolates were uniformly virulent in an assay using susceptible cacao pod husks inoculated with zoospores, while the P. palmivora isolates showed greater divergence in virulence. The virulence of P. megakarya was associated with earlier production of sporangia and an accelerated induction of necrosis. While zoos-megakarya which is the most aggressive in the country (80% losses). This study was aimed at dete rmining the clonal resistance of six cocoa clones (IMC67, SCA12, TAFO79/501, TAFO79/467 ICS40 ...IDphy was developed to facilitate accurate and efficient identification of Phytophthora to species, using type specimens from the original descriptions for reference wherever possible. IDphy emphasizes species of high economic impact and species of regulatory concern for the U.S. IDphy includes molecular and morphological tools to aid in ...In Cameroon, Phytophthora megakarya is the causal agent of black pod rot of cacao (Theobroma cacao L). Primary inoculum of P. megakarya is located in the soil. With the onset of the rainy season, this primary inoculum is activated and through rain splash cacao pods become infected.Oct 1, 1999 · Phytophthora megakarya is an important pathogen of cocoa in Africa. We used isozyme and RAPD markers to estimate the genetic diversity and structuring among 161 isolates, from the known distribution area of the fungus which corresponds to the cocoa belt in Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon and Sao Tome. Phytophthora megakarya was first designated as the species P. palmivora MF3 ( Griffin, 1977) or P. palmivora L type and was described in 1979 as causing a disease of cacao (Brasier and Griffin, 1979). P. palmivora was considered to be the only causal organism of black pod of cocoa. current name Phytophthora megakarya type material of Phytophthora megakarya: ATCC :42100, CBS :238.83, IMI :202077 NCBI BLAST name: downy mildews Rank: species Genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Mitochondrial genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Plastid genetic code: Translation table 11 (Bacterial, Archaeal and Plant Plastid)Black pod rot, caused by Phytophthora megakarya, is the main cause of cocoa losses in Cameroon.A few studies have focused on describing black pod epidemics in cocoa yet numerous questions remain. Here, an epidemiological model describing the temporal evolution of cocoa black pod, taking into account the development stages of pods, is developed and studied.

Premise of the study: Phytophthora megakarya is the agent of black pod disease of cacao and is the main pathogen of this crop in Africa. Population genetic studies are required to investigate how ...Phytophthora megakarya, Thevetia peruviana, extract, biocontrol, black pod disease. INTRODUCTION . The protection of plants against crop diseases and . pests is a key factor in the increase of cr op .General information about Phytophthora megakarya (PHYTMG) on EPPO Q-Bank DatabasePhytophthora palmivora is the most common, being present in most of the cacao-growing countries around the world, causing yield losses of 20-30% and tree deaths of 10% annually. Phytophthora megakarya occurs only in West and Central Africa countries but considered to be the most virulent among other species on cacao.Among the Phytophthora species that cause black pod of cacao, P. megakarya is the most virulent, posing a serious threat to cacao production in Africa. Correct identification of the species causing the black pod and understanding the virulence factors involved are important for developing sustainable disease management strategies.

Phytophthora megakarya isolates were uniformly virulent in an assay using susceptible cacao pod husks inoculated with zoospores, while the P. palmivora isolates showed greater divergence in virulence. The virulence of P. megakarya was associated with earlier production of sporangia and an accelerated induction of necrosis. While zoos-PDF | On Mar 20, 2015, W. L. Nana and others published In-vitro Fungitoxic Effect of Cold and Hot Water Extracts of Three Ocimum Species on Fungi Causing Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris l.) Root ...…

Reader Q&A - also see RECOMMENDED ARTICLES & FAQs. 2019年3月10日 ... Abstract. Keywords: Theobroma ca. Possible cause: CropProtection21(2002)629-634 Shadetreesarealternativehostsofthecocoapathog.